Miasnitskaia 18, Russia. “Activists in the Trap of Anti-PoLitics. Paris: SeuiL.Lewin, Moshe. Technocratic Revolution in Mexico. Formation des elites et culture transnational. On the one hand, governments hoped to raise agricuLturaL productivity whiLe retaining a share of agricuLturaL profits through taxes on exports; on the other hand, they estabLished customs reguLations and preferentiaL credit in order to protect nationaL industry from foreign competition and to stimuLate diversification. The main dilemma at the time was whether to Liberalize prices immediately and fully, or gradually. We wiLL attempt, finaLLy, to show that even if the two countries were driven to adopt more market-friendLy positions during this period, a Long process of deveLoping and constructing the new poLitico-economic order was carried out entireLy by nationaL actors in response to the chaLLenges presented by their concrete socio-poLiticaL environment and structure.2.1. 1990. WhiLe Argentina grew economicaLLy at the same (or sometimes a greater) rate as the major European nations and the United States between 1914 and 1945, between 1950 and 1970 it faiLed to match even the LeveL of growth of its neighbors (ChiLe, BraziL, or Mexico).The conflict took a particuLarLy vioLent turn at the end of the 1960s. The use of record linkage as the essential research method makes this work the first book on Argentina to follow this very successful research methodology employed by modern historians.
Though he kept close ties to the media, Cavallo was exceptionally intolerant of those who criticized him, denouncing them as “imbeciles" and calling their arguments unfounded.28Unlike Cavallo, Gaidar was born into a privileged intelligentsia family that included famous writers and journalists, and studied economics at Moscow State27 A detaiLed discussion of these experts' activities in Eastern Europe and Russia—par-ti'cu^Hy the creation of the Chubais-Gaidar-Sachs network—is offered in WedeL (1998).28 To provide one exampLe, in 1994, in the face of a sudden and acute increase in unempLoyment, the socioLogist Susana Torrado toLd the press that the empLoyment crisis couLd be Linked to the economic pLan, and the country's competitiveness probLems were reLated to doUar-peso parity. 2002. Do Economists Make Markets? 2006. In other words, the government abstained from issuing currency as a means of financing its deficit or encouraging growth.
He founded the Fundacion Mediterranea, a research institute with member economists throughout the country, published two periodicals and severaL general interest books, actively participated in conferences for entrepreneurs and professional economists, and maintained a constant presence in the media, notably in the written press but also on television. Looking at the poLicies actuaLLy put into practice, we may concLude that the Russian and Argentinian governments did not impLement compLeteLy innovative pLans. “What Washington Means by PoLicy Reforms." This turnaround was rounded out by a new dipLomatic poLicy caLLed “peripheraL reaLism." It was aLso designed to motivate companies to increase the quaLity of their products and impLement new technoLogy. Not onLy did he caU the socioLogist incompetent, but invited her to “go home to do the dishes." "13 The “marketist" LabeL therefore designated in the Soviet Union economists of diverse speciaLizations and institutionaL affiLiations who advocated, in more or Less radicaL ways, the extension of “monetary-market" reLationships (to use the Language of the period) in the Soviet economy. “Les metamorphoses de La representation.